SRI LANKA CULTURE
GEMS
Sri Lanka, often called the "Gem Island," is world-renowned for its treasure trove of precious gemstones. For over 2,000 years this small island in the Indian Ocean has been a major hub for gem mining, trading and producing some of the finest and most sought-after gems in the world. The island's rich geological history and diverse mineral composition make it a paradise for gem lovers and collectors.
Sapphires
Sri Lanka is most famous for its stunning blue sapphires, often referred to as "Ceylon sapphires." These gems are prized for their exceptional clarity, vibrant blue colour, and durability. The island has produced some of the world's largest and most famous sapphires, including the Star of India and the Blue Belle of Asia. Princess Diana’s iconic engagement ring is also made with a Ceylon Sapphire at its centre. Sri Lankan sapphires are not limited to blue; the island also yields yellow, pink and green sapphires, each with its unique beauty.
Rubies
Though less common than sapphires, rubies are a fiery treasure from Sri Lanka that is highly valued for their rich red hue. Known as the "king of gemstones," rubies have been treasured for centuries as symbols of passion and power. A characteristic that is exclusive to Ceylon rubies is the presence of iron in addition to chromium oxide, which gives most of the varieties their pinkish-red colour and purple hue. Sri Lankan rubies are often sought after for their intense colour and brilliance, making them a popular choice for jewellery.
Alexandrite
Alexandrite is one of the rarest and most fascinating gemstones found in Sri Lanka. This wonderful gem is known as “Emerald by Day and Ruby by Night” for its unique ability to change colour depending on the light—green in daylight and red under incandescent lighting. The rarity and beauty of Alexandrite make it one of the most coveted gems in the world, and Sri Lanka is one of the few places where it can be found.
Moonstones
With their ethereal glow and shimmering light, Moonstones are a celebrated gem found in Sri Lankan mines. These gems are believed to have mystical properties and are often associated with romance, intuition, and protection. The best-quality moonstones known for their blue sheen come from Sri Lanka and are used in a variety of jewellery designs.
Chrysoberyl
Chrysoberyl or “Cat eye” is a gemstone that features a distinct band of light across its surface known as chatoyancy, resembling a cat's eye. This gem is considered a talisman for protection and is believed to ward off evil. Sri Lankan cat's eye stones are known for their sharp "eye" effect and are highly valued for their unique appearance. Chrysoberyl gems are widely available in mining areas of the country.
Garnets
Sri Lanka is also a significant source of garnets, which come in a variety of colours from deep reds and oranges to vibrant greens. While red garnets are the most common, the island's deposits also yield rare and valuable green garnets known as tsavorites which are prized for their brilliance and rich colour. Clear, transparent and large garnets are commonly found in the Elahera region of Sri Lanka.
Tourmaline
The name Tourmaline itself derives from the Sinhale name “Tōramalli” and symbolises peace, compassion and friendship. Sri Lankan tourmaline gemstones have a rich colour composition due to their extremely complex mineral content. They range in colour from a yellowish-green to a brilliant green while the commonly seen pink tourmaline is not available in the country.
Zircons
Zircons are a popular substitute for diamonds that are renowned for their brilliance and fire, often rivalling diamonds in appearance. Mined in the Matara region of Sri Lanka, they are available in a wide range of colours, including blue, yellow and white, Ceylon zircons are a popular choice for those seeking a dazzling yet affordable gemstone.